Cellulose fiber

By: Alternix

History and Structure

Cellulose was discovered in 1838 by Anselme Payen.
Cellulose was used to produce the first successful thermoplastic polymer, celluloid, in 1870.
Rayon production from cellulose began in the 1890s.
Cellophane was invented in 1912.
Acetate, a cellulosic product, was invented by Arthur D. Little in 1893.
Cellulose is a polymer made of repeating glucose molecules.
A cellulose molecule can be several hundred to over 10,000 glucose units long.
Cellulose is a straight chain polymer, unlike starch which is coiled.
Cellulose cannot be broken down into glucose subunits by animal enzymes.
Cellulose chains are linked by hydrogen bonds.

Natural cellulose fibers are minimally processed from plant matter.
Cotton fibers and linen fibers are examples of natural cellulose fibers.
Natural fibers have strong hydrogen bonding and exhibit little interaction with water.
Natural fibers like cotton and wood are insoluble in water.
Cellulose does not bind to iodine to form a colored product.
Manufactured cellulose fibers come from plants processed into a pulp.
Rayon or viscose is a common manufactured cellulose fiber.
Manufactured cellulose fibers are extruded similar to synthetic fibers like polyester or nylon.
Wood pulp can be used to make rayon.
Manufactured cellulose fibers have similar properties to natural cellulose fibers.

Natural fibers are composed of microfibrils of cellulose in a matrix of hemicellulose and lignin.
The mechanical properties of natural fibers are determined by their structure and chemical composition.
Common constituents of natural fibers include cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, pectin, and ash.
The chemical composition of natural fibers varies depending on the type of fiber.
Natural fibers have stiffness and strength due to hydrogen bonding between cellulose chains.
The major constituents of natural fibers are cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, pectin, and ash.
The percentage of each component varies for each type of fiber.
Hemicellulose is responsible for moisture absorption and degradation.
Lignin ensures thermal stability but is responsible for UV degradation.
Mechanical properties of cellulose fibers can be compared to other commonly used fibers like glass fiber and aramid fiber.
Properties like density, elongation, tensile strength, and Young's modulus vary for different cellulose fibers.
Cotton, jute, flax, hemp, and ramie are examples of cellulose fibers with different mechanical properties.
Coir and softwood kraft are other examples of cellulose fibers with specific mechanical properties.

Hydrophilicity, roughness, and surface charge determine the interaction of cellulose fibers with water.
The zeta potential of cellulose fibers correlates with their water uptake capability.
Waste fibers can be used as reinforcement in composite materials.
Composite materials made with cellulose fibers and polymers are stronger than the fiber alone.
Different polymer matrices can be mixed with cellulose fibers to create fiber-reinforced materials.

Regenerated cellulose fibers are used in the textile industry, such as rayon, modal, and Lyocell.
Cellulose fibers can be used as filter aids to improve filtration performance.
Cellulose fibers have advantages such as low density, low cost, recyclability, and biodegradability.
They can be used as a substitute for glass fibers in composite materials.
Cellulose fibers contribute to reducing environmental impact in various industries.
Sustainable practices in the production and use of cellulose fibers can contribute to environmental conservation.

Reference	URL
Glossary	https://www.alternix.com/blogs/glossary-of-terms/cellulose-fiber
Wikipedia	http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellulose_fiber
Wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189109
Knowledge Graph	https://www.google.com/search?kgmid=/m/06w1rb2